Endocrine Abstracts

Thyroid storm is rare life-threatening clinical manifestation of endocrine dysfunction originating from excess level of thyroid hormone leading to hypermetabolic state with an incidence of 0.57-0.76/1000,000. The increase demand of metabolic activity subsequently induces, palpitations, dyspnoea, exercise intolerance and congestive heart failure. Most common cardiovascular manifestation of thyroid storm is tachycardia and atrial fibrillation occurs in up to 15% of patients. In ...

Myxoedema Coma with NAFLD secondary to poorly controlled hypothyroidism. Myxoedema coma is defined as severe hypothyroidism leading to decreased mental status, hypothermia, and other symptoms related to slowing function in multiple organs. It can culminate in severe, longstanding hypothyroidism or be precipitated by acute stressors such as infection, and surgery in patients with poorly controlled hypothyroidism. Moreover, there is a strong correlation between poorly controlled...

Background: Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2 is an autoimmune disorder that affects many hormone-producing (endocrine) glands. It is characterized by the presence of Addison’s disease along with autoimmune thyroid disease and/or type 1 diabetes. The initial presentation can be varied but some patient maybe present with subclinical hypothyroidism and later develop Addisonian crisis. The pathogenesis of Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2 remains unclear, altho...

Introduction: This case series consist of three brothers who are aged 24, 27 and 28. The eldest brother was diagnosed with CAH at 18 days when he presented with poor weight gain, vomiting and persistent jaundice with hyponatraemia. The parents received genetic counselling for the next two pregnancies and all three children were managed with hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone maintainence therapy. They were closely monitored for their growth rates, signs of precocious puberty a...

Background: The causes of thyrotoxicosis include hot and Graves disease. Graves’ disease can be associated with Graves eye disease, and thus have a psychological impact on the patient. The treatment of thyrotoxicosis includes medical therapy, surgical therapy, and radioiodine treatment. Treatment of thyroid eye disease includes both medical and surgical therapy in a multidisciplinary setting. Medical treatment using steroids may worsen hyperglycaemia in patients with exis...

Background: Myxoedema coma although uncommon can be life-threatening in patients who are poorly compliant with levothyroxine replacement. Some of the precipitating factors include intercurrent respiratory infection, use of sedatives, and electrolyte imbalance such as hyponatremia(Wiersinga 2018). A 73-year-old man presented to the Hospital with face and tongue swelling, shortness of breath, and type 2 respiratory failure. His past medical history includes hypothyroidism, Obstr...

Introduction: Amiodarone is a highly effective drug, used for the treatment of arrhythmias. However, it can cause either hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis. It leads to alterations in thyroid gland function or thyroid hormone metabolism, due to its high iodine content. Amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism is common in countries with high iodine dietary intake, and Amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis is more prevalent in regions with low iodine dietary intake. A large amount of iodide...